DOTNET WPF DAY ONE - MANOHAR GOUD TRAINER FACULTY GURU DEVELOPER

K. MANOHAR GOUD

9866550012

Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) is a next-generation presentation system for building Windows client applications with visually stunning user experiences. With WPF, you can create a wide range of both standalone and browser-hosted applications.

The core of WPF is a resolution-independent and vector-based rendering engine that is built to take advantage of modern graphics hardware. WPF extends the core with a comprehensive set of application-development features that include Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML), controls, data binding, layout, 2-D and 3-D graphics, animation, styles, templates, documents, media, text, and typography. WPF is included in the Microsoft .NET Framework, so you can build applications that incorporate other elements of the .NET Framework class library.

WPF exists as a subset of .NET Framework types that are for the most part located in the System.Windows namespace. If you have previously built applications with .NET Framework using managed technologies like ASP.NET and Windows Forms, the fundamental WPF programming experience should be familiar; you instantiate classes, set properties, call methods, and handle events, all using your favorite .NET Framework programming language, such as C# or Visual Basic.

To support some of the more powerful WPF capabilities and to simplify the programming experience, WPF includes additional programming constructs that enhance properties and events: dependency properties and routed events.

WPF offers additional programming enhancements for Windows client application development. One obvious enhancement is the ability to develop an application using both markup and code-behind, an experience that ASP.NET developers should be familiar with. You generally use Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML) markup to implement the appearance of an application while using managed programming languages (code-behind) to implement its behavior. This separation of appearance and behavior has the following benefits:

• Development and maintenance costs are reduced because appearance-specific markup is not tightly coupled with behavior-specific code.
• Development is more efficient because designers can implement an application's appearance simultaneously with developers who are implementing the application's behavior.
• Multiple design tools can be used to implement and share XAML markup, to target the requirements of the application development contributors; Microsoft Expression Blend provides an experience that suits designers, while Visual Studio 2005 targets developers.
• Globalization and localization for WPF applications is greatly simplified
  
  
  
  

XAML is an XML-based markup language that is used to implement an application's appearance declaratively. It is typically used to create windows, dialog boxes, pages, and user controls, and to fill them with controls, shapes, and graphics.

<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    Title="Window with Button"
    Width="250" Height="100">

  <!-- Add button to window -->
  <Button Name="button">Click Me!</Button>

</Window>

The following figure shows the user interface (UI) that is defined by the XAML in the previous example.

<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="SDKSample.AWindow"
    Title="Window with Button"
    Width="250" Height="100">

  <!-- Add button to window -->
  <Button Name="button" Click="button_Click">Click Me!</Button>

</Window>

using System.Windows; // Window, RoutedEventArgs, MessageBox 

namespace SDKSample
{
    public partial class AWindow : Window
    {
        public AWindow()
        {
            // InitializeComponent call is required to merge the UI 
            // that is defined in markup with this class, including  
            // setting properties and registering event handlers
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Show message box when button is clicked
            MessageBox.Show("Hello, Windows Presentation Foundation!");
        }
    }
}


The following figure shows the result when the button is clicked.






<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="SDKSample.LayoutWindow"
    Title="Layout with the DockPanel" Height="143" Width="319">

  <!--DockPanel to layout four text boxes--> 
  <DockPanel>
    <TextBox DockPanel.Dock="Top">Dock = "Top"</TextBox>
    <TextBox DockPanel.Dock="Bottom">Dock = "Bottom"</TextBox>
    <TextBox DockPanel.Dock="Left">Dock = "Left"</TextBox>
    <TextBox Background="White">This TextBox "fills" the remaining space.</TextBox>
  </DockPanel>

</Window>



The following figure shows the result of the XAML markup in the preceding example.


namespace SDKSample
{
    class Person
    {
        string name = "No Name";

        public string Name
        {
            get { return name; }
            set { name = value; }
        }
    }
}

<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="SDKSample.DataBindingWindow">


...


<!-- Bind the TextBox to the data source (TextBox.Text to Person.Name) -->
<TextBox Name="personNameTextBox" Text="{Binding Path=Name}" />


...


</Window>




using System.Windows; // Window 

namespace SDKSample
{
    public partial class DataBindingWindow : Window
    {
        public DataBindingWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // Create Person data source
            Person person = new Person();

            // Make data source available for binding 
            this.DataContext = person;
        }
    }
}

<Window 
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="SDKSample.EllipseEventHandlingWindow"
    Title="Click the Ellipse">
    <Ellipse Name="clickableEllipse" Fill="Blue" MouseUp="clickableEllipse_MouseUp" />
</Window>


using System.Windows; // Window, MessageBox 
using System.Windows.Input; // MouseButtonEventHandler 

namespace SDKSample
{
    public partial class EllipseEventHandlingWindow : Window
    {
        public EllipseEventHandlingWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        void clickableEllipse_MouseUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            // Display a message
            MessageBox.Show("You clicked the ellipse!");
        }
    }
}


The following figure shows what is produced by the preceding code.

<Window 
  xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  x:Class="SDKSample.ControlTemplateButtonWindow"
  Title="Button with Control Template" Height="158" Width="290">

  <!-- Button using an ellipse -->
  <Button Content="Click Me!" Click="button_Click">
    <Button.Template>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
        <Grid Margin="5">
          <Ellipse Stroke="DarkBlue" StrokeThickness="2">
            <Ellipse.Fill>
              <RadialGradientBrush Center="0.3,0.2" RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5">
                <GradientStop Color="Azure" Offset="0.1" />
                <GradientStop Color="CornflowerBlue" Offset="1.1" />
              </RadialGradientBrush>
            </Ellipse.Fill>
          </Ellipse>
          <ContentPresenter Name="content" HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
            VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
        </Grid>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Button.Template>

  </Button>

</Window>


using System.Windows; // Window, RoutedEventArgs, MessageBox 

namespace SDKSample
{
    public partial class ControlTemplateButtonWindow : Window
    {
        public ControlTemplateButtonWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Show message box when button is clicked
            MessageBox.Show("Hello, Windows Presentation Foundation!");
        }
    }
}




<Window
  xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  x:Class="SDKSample.DataTemplateWindow"
  Title="With a Data Template">


...


<Window.Resources>
  <!-- Data Template (applied to each bound task item in the task collection) -->
  <DataTemplate x:Key="myTaskTemplate">
    <Border Name="border" BorderBrush="DarkSlateBlue" BorderThickness="2" 
      CornerRadius="2" Padding="5" Margin="5">
      <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
          <RowDefinition/>
          <RowDefinition/>
          <RowDefinition/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
          <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
          <ColumnDefinition />
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Padding="0,0,5,0" Text="Task Name:"/>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=TaskName}"/>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Padding="0,0,5,0" Text="Description:"/>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=Description}"/>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Padding="0,0,5,0" Text="Priority:"/>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=Priority}"/>
      </Grid>
    </Border>  
  </DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>


...


<!-- UI -->
<DockPanel>
  <!-- Title -->
  <Label DockPanel.Dock="Top" FontSize="18" Margin="5" Content="My Task List:"/>

  <!-- Data template is specified by the ItemTemplate attribute -->
  <ListBox 
    ItemsSource="{Binding}" 
    ItemTemplate="{StaticResource myTaskTemplate}" 
    HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" 
    IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" 
    Margin="5,0,5,5" />

</DockPanel>


...


</Window>



The following figure shows the effect of this code.


<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="SDKSample.StyleWindow"
    Title="Styles">


...


<!-- Style that will be applied to all buttons -->
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
  <Setter Property="Background" Value="Orange" />
  <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Crimson" />
  <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="20" />
  <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" />
  <Setter Property="Margin" Value="5" />
</Style>


...


<!-- This button will have the style applied to it -->
<Button>Click Me!</Button>

<!-- This label will not have the style applied to it -->
<Label>Don't Click Me!</Label>

<!-- This button will have the style applied to it -->
<Button>Click Me!</Button>


...


</Window>